Metaphysics

Chance

Is chance a real feature of the world, or only a name for our ignorance of causes?

Ancient Greek
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Hellenistic/Roman
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Patristic/Medieval
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Renaissance/Early Modern
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Enlightenment
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19th Century
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finis

The Reading List

Follow this thread through the primary texts, in the order they enter the conversation.

1. Plato, ; Book X
2. Aristotle, Book II, chs. 4–6; Book VI, chs. 2–3
3. Lucretius, , Books I–II (the swerve)
4. Marcus Aurelius, , Books IV, IX
5. Augustine, Book V; Book VII
6. Aquinas, I, QQ. 22, 103, 115–116
7. Machiavelli, , ch. XXV (on fortune)
8. Spinoza, , Part I, Props. 28–33; Appendix
9. Hume, , Sects. VI, VIII
10. Tolstoy, , Books IX–XIII; Epilogue II
11. William James, The Dilemma of Determinism; Principles of Psychology

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