Metaphysics

Fate

Is the course of the world, of nations and of a human life, fixed in advance, and if so, by what?

Ancient Greek
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Hellenistic/Roman
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Patristic/Medieval
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Renaissance/Early Modern
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19th Century
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finis

The Reading List

Follow this thread through the primary texts, in the order they enter the conversation.

1. Homer, Books XVI, XVIII, XXII
2. Herodotus, Books I, VII
3. Aristotle, On Interpretation Chapter 9; Book III
4. Lucretius, Book II
5. Epictetus, Book I;
6. Marcus Aurelius, Books II–V
7. Augustine, Book V
8. Boethius, Books IV–V
9. Aquinas, I, QQ. 22–23, 116
10. Spinoza, , Part I, Appendix; Part II
11. Tolstoy, , Epilogues and the historical chapters of Books IX–XV

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