1. Plato, ; Book IV, Book X
2. Aristotle, (On the Soul), Books I–III
3. Marcus Aurelius, , Books IV, VII, XII
4. Augustine, Book X; Books IX–X
5. Aquinas, I, Questions 75–89
6. Descartes, , II, VI
7. Hume, , Book I, Part IV, Section 6
8. Kant, , "Paralogisms of Pure Reason"
9. William James, , Chapter X (The Consciousness of Self)
10. Freud, ; , Lecture XXXI